Karl.Fail

Tag: cwe-798

  • Critical Vulnerability in Forvia Hella HELLA Driving Recorder DR 820 – CVE-2025-30113

    Overview of CVE-2025-30113

    A critical vulnerability has been discovered in the Forvia Hella HELLA Driving Recorder DR 820. Tracked as CVE-2025-30113, the vulnerability arises from the presence of hardcoded credentials in the Android APK for the device. These credentials, stored in cleartext, provide unauthorized access to the device settings through ports 9091 and 9092. The flaw exposes the system to attackers who can exploit these credentials remotely and gain control over the device.

    Details of the Vulnerability

    The issue stems from hardcoded credentials embedded within the APK used for the dashcam’s Android application. These credentials are vulnerable because they are stored in cleartext, making them easily accessible to anyone who gains access to the network. By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker could gain access to the device settings via ports 9091 and 9092, which are commonly used for network communications.

    This vulnerability is categorized as CWE-798, referring to the Use of Hard-coded Credentials. The use of hardcoded credentials is a serious security risk, as it allows attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to sensitive systems or devices.

    CVSS Score and Impact

    The CVSS v3.1 score for CVE-2025-30113 is 9.8, indicating a critical vulnerability. The CVSS vector string is: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. This means:

    • Attack Vector (AV): Network – The vulnerability can be exploited remotely via the network.
    • Attack Complexity (AC): Low – The exploit does not require complex conditions to execute.
    • Privileges Required (PR): None – No special privileges are required for the attack.
    • User Interaction (UI): None – The vulnerability can be exploited without user interaction.
    • Confidentiality Impact (C): High – An attacker can access sensitive information.
    • Integrity Impact (I): High – The attacker can alter system data.
    • Availability Impact (A): High – The attacker can disrupt or crash the device.

    Mitigation

    To mitigate this vulnerability, users of the Forvia Hella HELLA Driving Recorder DR 820 are advised to update the device firmware and ensure that any hardcoded credentials are properly secured or removed. Additionally, the device should be monitored for any unusual activity on ports 9091 and 9092.

    For more information, refer to the following resources: CVE Draft on Medium and GitHub Repository.

    Conclusion

    The CVE-2025-30113 vulnerability highlights the serious security risks posed by the use of hardcoded credentials in IoT devices. Users of the Forvia Hella HELLA Driving Recorder DR 820 should take immediate action to secure their devices and mitigate the risk of exploitation.

  • CVE-2025-43567: Critical Reflected XSS Vulnerability in Adobe Connect

    Overview

    On May 13, 2025, Adobe disclosed CVE-2025-43567, a critical reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability affecting its Adobe Connect platform. This issue, categorized under CWE-79, allows attackers to inject malicious JavaScript into vulnerable form fields, potentially leading to session hijacking or data theft when executed in the victim’s browser.

    Vulnerability Details

    The affected product and versions include:

    • Product: Adobe Connect
    • Versions: 12.8 and earlier

    The vulnerability resides in the improper sanitization of user-supplied input in form fields. When a victim clicks a malicious link crafted by an attacker, the injected script executes in their browser. This could result in unauthorized actions being performed in the context of the user’s session, including access to sensitive information or impersonation.

    Technical Analysis

    This vulnerability is classified as Critical and has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.3. The vector string is:

    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

    Key characteristics include:

    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: Required
    • Scope: Changed
    • Confidentiality Impact: High
    • Integrity Impact: High
    • Availability Impact: None

    Although the attack requires user interaction (e.g., clicking a link), it can be carried out remotely and does not require authentication. The scope change indicates that the attacker may be able to affect components beyond the vulnerable Adobe Connect instance.

    Understanding CWE-79

    Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities occur when an application includes untrusted data in a web page without proper validation or escaping. In reflected XSS, the malicious script is embedded in a URL and reflected back to the user, triggering execution in their browser. This allows the attacker to steal cookies, impersonate the user, or perform unauthorized actions.

    Impact and Exploitation

    According to Adobe’s security advisory, successful exploitation could lead to session takeover. This significantly impacts both the confidentiality and integrity of user data, especially in collaborative environments where Adobe Connect is used for meetings, file sharing, and sensitive communication.

    Recommendations

    To mitigate this vulnerability, organizations should:

    • Update Adobe Connect to the latest patched version.
    • Avoid clicking on suspicious or unknown links.
    • Use web application firewalls (WAFs) to block XSS attempts.
    • Implement proper input validation and output encoding across applications.

    Conclusion

    CVE-2025-43567 serves as a critical reminder of the risks posed by inadequate input sanitization. While seemingly simple, reflected XSS vulnerabilities can have severe consequences, especially in enterprise environments. Prompt patching and user awareness are essential to minimize exposure.

  • CVE-2025-20188: Critical File Upload and Command Execution Vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE

    Overview

    CVE-2025-20188 discloses a critical vulnerability in the Out-of-Band Access Point (AP) Image Download feature of Cisco IOS XE Software running on Wireless LAN Controllers (WLCs). This flaw allows unauthenticated, remote attackers to upload arbitrary files and execute commands with root privileges.

    Technical Details

    The root cause is the use of a hard-coded JSON Web Token (JWT) within the affected software. This credential grants unauthorized access to the AP image download interface. By crafting specific HTTPS requests, attackers can:

    • Upload arbitrary files
    • Perform path traversal
    • Execute arbitrary commands as the root user

    The vulnerable feature is not enabled by default, but if it is activated, the threat surface expands significantly for affected systems.

    Vulnerable Versions

    Affected versions of Cisco IOS XE Software include but are not limited to:

    • 17.7.1 through 17.14.1
    • 17.10.1b, 17.11.99SW, and several patch releases in between

    CVSS Score and Severity

    This vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0, the highest possible rating, indicating full compromise potential. Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Changed
    • Impact: High confidentiality, integrity, and availability

    Impact

    A successful exploit allows complete system compromise, including the ability to upload and execute malicious payloads. Given that no authentication is required, the vulnerability poses a major risk, particularly in environments where the Out-of-Band AP Image Download feature is enabled.

    Mitigation and Recommendations

    • Disable the affected feature if not in use.
    • Apply Cisco patches as referenced in the official advisory.
    • Restrict external access to management interfaces via firewall rules.
    • Monitor logs for suspicious file upload or command activity.

    References