Karl.Fail

Tag: sap

  • Code Injection Vulnerability in SAP Landscape Transformation (SLT)

    Overview

    CVE-2025-31330 is a critical vulnerability in SAP Landscape Transformation (SLT), specifically affecting the Analysis Platform component. The flaw enables authenticated users to inject arbitrary ABAP code into the system through a remotely exposed RFC function module. The vulnerability bypasses key authorization checks, effectively acting as a backdoor and posing significant risk to system confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

    Technical Details

    The vulnerability is categorized under CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (‘Code Injection’). It exists due to the improper validation of input passed to a function module accessible over RFC. Users with limited privileges can exploit this flaw to execute arbitrary code, thereby escalating privileges and compromising the SAP environment.

    The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without user interaction and impacts systems configured with affected SLT versions. The attack can result in:

    • Unauthorized execution of ABAP code
    • Bypassing of critical authorization mechanisms
    • Complete takeover of the affected SAP system

    CVSS Score and Vector

    Base Score: 9.9 (Critical)
    CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

    This vector indicates a network-based attack with low complexity, requiring only low privileges, and affecting multiple security domains (scope changed).

    Affected Products

    • SAP Landscape Transformation (Analysis Platform)
      Versions: DMIS 2011_1_700, 2011_1_710, 2011_1_730, 2011_1_731

    Mitigation and Recommendations

    SAP has addressed this vulnerability in its April 2025 Security Patch Day. Organizations using the affected SLT versions should:

    • Apply SAP Note 3587115 immediately
    • Restrict RFC access to trusted users and IP ranges
    • Audit RFC-enabled function modules and related authorizations
    • Monitor systems for unusual ABAP code executions or privilege escalations

    Conclusion

    CVE-2025-31330 is a critical reminder of the risks posed by improperly secured remote function modules in enterprise software. Given the potential for full system compromise, prompt remediation is essential.

  • CVE-2025-31324: Critical File Upload Vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer

    Overview

    CVE-2025-31324 exposes a critical vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer development server, specifically in the Metadata Uploader component. The flaw enables unauthenticated attackers to upload malicious binaries without proper authorization, resulting in potential full compromise of the host system.

    Technical Details

    This vulnerability arises due to a missing authorization check (CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type). The Metadata Uploader allows file submissions without verifying the origin or privileges of the request. Consequently, an attacker can send specially crafted executable files over HTTP, leading to remote code execution, data breaches, or system outages.

    CVSS Score and Vector

    • Base Score: 10.0 (Critical)
    • Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: None
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Changed
    • Impact: High (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability)

    Affected Product

    • SAP NetWeaver (Visual Composer development server), Version: VCFRAMEWORK 7.50

    Mitigation and Recommendations

    SAP has issued security patches addressing this vulnerability in its April 2025 Security Patch Day. Organizations using affected systems should:

    • Apply the latest SAP patches immediately.
    • Restrict network access to the Visual Composer development server.
    • Audit access logs for signs of unauthorized file uploads.
    • Review and enforce strict authorization policies on all upload mechanisms.

    Active Exploitation

    Reports confirm that this vulnerability is under active exploitation in the wild. Security teams should treat this as a high-priority incident and verify whether their environments show any indication of compromise.

    For further details, consult the following resources:

  • CVE-2025-0070: Critical Improper Authentication in SAP NetWeaver ABAP Server

    Overview

    On January 14, 2025, SAP published a critical vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-0070 affecting the SAP NetWeaver Application Server for ABAP and ABAP Platform. The flaw is categorized under CWE-287: Improper Authentication and allows authenticated attackers to escalate privileges due to insufficient authentication enforcement.

    Vulnerability Details

    The vulnerability exists in the authentication logic of the ABAP platform. An attacker with valid user credentials can exploit improper authentication checks to gain unauthorized access to system functionality. This allows the attacker to escalate privileges and potentially control critical components of the affected SAP environment.

    Successful exploitation leads to a high impact on system confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Given the scope change and low complexity, this vulnerability presents a significant risk in enterprise SAP environments.

    Technical Breakdown

    This vulnerability is rated as Critical with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.9. The CVSS vector is:

    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

    Key attributes include:

    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: Low
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Changed
    • Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability Impact: High

    Impacted Versions

    The following SAP kernel versions are affected:

    • KRNL64NUC 7.22
    • 7.22EXT
    • KRNL64UC 7.22
    • 7.53, 7.54, 7.77, 7.89, 7.93, 7.97
    • 8.04, 9.12, 9.13, 9.14
    • KERNEL 7.22

    Understanding CWE-287

    CWE-287 highlights scenarios where systems fail to properly authenticate users or validate their permissions before granting access. In the context of SAP, such a flaw can be especially dangerous given the critical role these systems play in business operations.

    Recommendations

    • Apply the latest security patches provided in SAP Note 3537476.
    • Audit user roles and authentication configurations across all affected systems.
    • Limit access to exposed services and interfaces wherever possible.
    • Monitor logs for signs of unauthorized access or privilege escalation attempts.

    Conclusion

    CVE-2025-0070 represents a severe authentication failure in core SAP components. Due to the high potential impact and ease of exploitation, organizations should treat remediation as a priority and ensure all safeguards are in place to protect sensitive enterprise environments.

  • CVE-2025-27429: Critical ABAP Code Injection in SAP S/4HANA via RFC

    Overview

    On April 8, 2025, SAP disclosed CVE-2025-27429, a critical vulnerability in SAP S/4HANA (Private Cloud and On-Premise editions), affecting versions S4CORE 102 through 108. This flaw enables a low-privileged attacker to inject arbitrary ABAP code via a vulnerable function module exposed through RFC (Remote Function Call). The vulnerability is classified under CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code.

    Vulnerability Details

    The flaw exists in a specific RFC-enabled function module, which lacks adequate input validation and authorization checks. An attacker with valid but limited SAP user privileges can craft malicious RFC requests that inject ABAP code into the system. The injected code is then executed in the context of the system, effectively acting as a backdoor.

    This enables:

    • Full system compromise
    • Bypass of SAP authorization mechanisms
    • Arbitrary manipulation of data and processes

    Technical Breakdown

    This vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.9, marking it as Critical. The CVSS vector is:

    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

    Key attributes include:

    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: Low
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Changed
    • Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability Impact: High

    The changed scope indicates that exploitation affects resources beyond the vulnerable function, potentially escalating the impact to broader system components.

    Understanding CWE-94

    CWE-94 refers to vulnerabilities where user-controllable inputs are used directly in dynamic code execution. In SAP systems, such vulnerabilities are particularly dangerous due to the system’s role in core business processes, and ABAP being the foundational language for many SAP applications.

    Impacted Systems

    • S/4HANA S4CORE versions 102 through 108

    Both Private Cloud and On-Premise installations are affected if they expose the vulnerable RFC module.

    Mitigation and Recommendations

    SAP recommends the following:

    • Apply the latest security patches available in SAP Note 3581961
    • Restrict RFC access to trusted sources only
    • Use SAP Code Vulnerability Analyzer to detect risky custom code
    • Enable system-wide logging and monitoring for unusual ABAP activity

    Conclusion

    CVE-2025-27429 represents a severe risk for enterprises relying on SAP S/4HANA. Given the low barrier to exploitation and the critical nature of SAP environments, immediate patching and system hardening are essential to prevent unauthorized code execution and system compromise.

  • CVE-2025-42999: Insecure Deserialization in SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer

    Overview

    On May 13, 2025, SAP published a critical vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-42999 affecting the Visual Composer development server within SAP NetWeaver. The issue is classified under CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data, a well-known class of vulnerabilities that can allow attackers to compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of a system.

    Vulnerability Details

    The vulnerability impacts the following product:

    • Product: SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader
    • Version Affected: VCFRAMEWORK 7.50

    The flaw occurs when a privileged user uploads malicious or untrusted metadata content to the server. When this content is deserialized, it can lead to the execution of arbitrary code or other serious consequences depending on the payload and environment. Although the attacker must already have high privileges, exploitation does not require any user interaction and can be performed over a network.

    Technical Analysis

    The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1, indicating critical severity. The vector string is:

    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

    Key metrics include:

    • Attack Vector: Network
    • Attack Complexity: Low
    • Privileges Required: High
    • User Interaction: None
    • Scope: Changed
    • Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability Impact: High

    This means a high-privileged user can exploit the vulnerability remotely without triggering any user interaction, and the resulting impact may extend beyond the original component being attacked.

    Understanding CWE-502

    Deserialization of Untrusted Data occurs when an application processes serialized data from an untrusted source without adequate validation. In SAP NetWeaver’s case, improperly validated metadata may be deserialized and trigger arbitrary behavior. Such flaws can be difficult to detect and are often exploited in advanced attacks that aim to execute code or escalate privileges.

    Exploitation and Threat Landscape

    According to the CISA KEV catalog, this vulnerability is actively being exploited in the wild. It has also been highlighted in SAP’s official security notes. The Onapsis research team confirmed exploitation evidence and emphasized its criticality for SAP environments.

    Recommendations

    To mitigate this vulnerability, SAP recommends:

    • Applying patches or mitigations provided in the latest SAP Security Patch Day updates.
    • Restricting access to systems where deserialization may occur.
    • Implementing secure coding practices to avoid unsafe deserialization patterns.
    • Monitoring for unusual privileged user activity and uploads.

    Conclusion

    CVE-2025-42999 highlights the risks associated with deserialization vulnerabilities, especially in complex enterprise environments like SAP. Due to its high severity and active exploitation, organizations should prioritize patching and review their use of metadata handling and upload functions.

  • CVE-2025-30016: Critical Authentication Bypass in SAP Financial Consolidation

    Overview

    On April 8, 2025, SAP disclosed a critical vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-30016 in its Financial Consolidation software (version FINANCE 1010). This flaw allows an unauthenticated attacker to gain unauthorized access to the Admin account, compromising the entire system’s security posture.

    Technical Details

    The vulnerability stems from improper authentication mechanisms within SAP Financial Consolidation. Specifically, the system fails to adequately enforce authentication controls, enabling attackers on the network to bypass security and access high-privilege functionality.

    This issue is classified under CWE-921: Storage of Sensitive Data in a Mechanism without Access Control. It implies that sensitive data, such as admin credentials or access tokens, might be exposed or improperly protected, thereby increasing the risk of exploitation.

    CVSS Score and Impact

    The vulnerability has received a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8, reflecting its severity and ease of exploitation. The vector string is:

    • CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

    This score indicates:

    • Attack is remotely exploitable over a network (AV:N)
    • Low attack complexity (AC:L)
    • No privileges required (PR:N)
    • No user interaction needed (UI:N)
    • High impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H)

    Impacted Software

    The affected product is SAP Financial Consolidation FINANCE 1010. All deployments running this version should be considered at risk. This vulnerability is critical for enterprises relying on this software for financial reporting and data management.

    Mitigation and Advisory

    SAP has issued an advisory and relevant security patches. Organizations using SAP Financial Consolidation should immediately review the following resources:

    Although there is no known exploitation in the wild, CISA’s SSVC (Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization) marks the technical impact as total and the vulnerability as automatable — indicating a high potential risk if not mitigated.

    Conclusion

    CVE-2025-30016 presents a serious security risk to organizations using SAP Financial Consolidation. With unauthenticated remote access to administrative functions, attackers could cause severe data breaches or system outages. Immediate patching and system audits are strongly advised.