CVE-2025-30392: Critical Privilege Escalation in Microsoft Azure AI Bot Service

Overview

CVE-2025-30392 is a critical security vulnerability identified in the Microsoft Azure AI Bot Service. The flaw, publicly disclosed on April 30, 2025, is classified as an Improper Authorization issue (CWE-285), enabling unauthorized attackers to elevate their privileges remotely over a network.

Understanding Improper Authorization

CWE-285: Improper Authorization describes a condition where an application does not adequately enforce access controls. This flaw allows attackers to perform actions that should require higher privileges, bypassing security boundaries put in place by developers or administrators.

In the case of Azure AI Bot Service, this vulnerability means that unauthenticated users could potentially gain access to privileged functions, compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability of affected systems.

Technical Details

The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.8 (Critical) with the following vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. This scoring indicates:

• Attack Vector: Network
• Attack Complexity: Low
• Privileges Required: None
• User Interaction: None
• Scope: Unchanged
• Impact: High for Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability

No authentication or user interaction is needed to exploit this vulnerability, making it highly dangerous for cloud-based services like Azure bots.

SSVC and Exploitation Risk

According to the Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization (SSVC) by CISA:

• Exploitation: Not observed in the wild
• Automatable: Yes
• Technical Impact: Total

This analysis highlights that, while no exploitation has yet been detected, the ease of automation and severity of impact necessitate urgent attention.

Mitigation Recommendations

Organizations leveraging the Azure AI Bot Service should take the following steps:

• Apply any security patches or configuration changes provided by Microsoft immediately
• Review bot permissions and API access controls
• Audit logs for unusual privilege changes or unauthorized access

References

• Microsoft Security Advisory: CVE-2025-30392

This vulnerability is a reminder of the risks associated with cloud-native services and the importance of rigorous access control validation.